Early Auckland History
This site is about the early history of Auckland, Auckland, and is particularly focused on early settlers and pioneers in the perilous journey from the end of the world to live in Auckland, New Zealand. In particular, it is dedicated to my parents who were early settlers in Auckland and has helped build the early history of Auckland.
Pre-1840
Auckland had a substantial Maori history and settlement prior to white settlement. Just walk around a lotvolcanic cones of the city, there are lots kumura wells, terracing and other signs of what was once a great springboard PAK (strong). In 1840 these no longer exist and the area was relatively vacant. In fact, some local Maori invited and sale of land to Europeans, hoping to obtain protection from further violent wars of the tribes of the north. Crown land, which would then be treated for his rolls of advantage. Before 1840, resolving most Europeans living in New Zealand in Wellingtonarea (about 1600), where a settlement was established at Russell (about 600) and around the Bay of Islands in New Zealand Company in Essex. Few would have predicted pre-emienant city Auckland in New Zealand, with only 2 white settlers in the Waitemata would at this time.
Hobson's Choice.
All this must change when, in 1840, the Lieutenant-Governor William Hobson chose the isthmus as the site of its future capital. With fertile volcanic soil, twins Habour, riversNorth and South, and a good atmosphere, was an inspired choice. 3,000 hectares, from local Maori chiefs proposed – the Ngati Whatua. Crown paid £ 341 for the land transferred to the original resolution (3,000 hectares). Six months later, only 44 hectares of this land will be sold by the government for the colonists to £ 24,275. (not a bad result, and the same 'crown / government "expects the taxpayers to shell out to settle Maori land claims that irony is not lost on this writer.) Soon, the firstPlatina arrived from Wellington ship with pre-fab Hobson. house (Mann Ning wooden house) and 3 days later, Anna Watson from the Bay of Islands arrived with the first group of settlers inside. At 1:00 on Friday the 18th day of September 1840 Captain Symonds, who is also a Chief Justice raised the Union Jack, both ships fired their guns and Auckland was founded.
On Raup first living in tents and shacks are "mechanical" (tradesmen) and officials (government bureaucrats) began the construction ofbeginning of a municipality.
The other side of the world.
Now imagine if the other side of the world. You decide you're tired of living in conditions of full impovised in Scotland. With a combination of many factors, including industrialization, throwing people out of the country and increasing the birth rate, there are now large overcrowded slums. You can hear about the opportunities across the world, a new country with the man eating natives do not exist. Getting thereYou will have to spend at least 3 months on a sailboat, and you have no guarantee that you arrive. Sunken ships on a regular basis, even if vovage without incident, it has a 1 in 15 chance that increases your destination (given an average of 300 people on a ship, 20 died on the way, I do not think many of us would Take a 747 those who have the option). Perhaps we now have a greater respect for the first white settlers. Not only the dangerous journey;only to 'reach hard work ahead.
In spite of these 306 settlers arrived at the Duchess of Argyle and Jane Gifford and 255 on the left Greenock in Scotland to Auckland and an uncertain future. They arrived in Auckland 16 days later, on October 8, 1842 Duchess of Argyle arrived first, but on a sandbar and Jane Gifford sailed past the solid, it was not until the following day with the tide, the Duchess of passengers Argyle made in the country. With the arrival of the firstsolution of migration abroad, the ship really taken off. In spite of Sir Logan Campbell believe that these new arrivals, with none of the rich capitalist class Auckland for investment, which in reality was just the kind people use for Auckland, the average commoner, hardworking, professionals, farmers, laborers and artisans that people with the skills needed to create an economy useful. (On the Duchess of Argyle, a young 10-year-old Robert Laing had arrived with her mother, Anne Laing COX McDonell, and hisstepfather to start a new life, and so one of my parents was a first settler and helped to Auckland. He died in 1925 at 92 years, during which he lived to see Auckland was the largest city in New Zealand.)
E 'was the first of many more migrants abroad who will help swell the population of Auckland, combined with the fact that these early immigrants had large families.
What were the first Auckland like?
Since 1852 Auckland was a village with its own community. Population4500 in the city itself, and another in 3500 the city incorporated in the surrounding agricultural land.
Despite its relatively small size in itself regarded as an important community. As the seat of government, was a long line of public servants, as well as home to most of the churches, including Bishopricks in New Zealand (Church of England) and Rome (Catholic) and president of the Missionary Society quiet operation and the Wesleyan Mission too. "We must remember at this pointHistory of the Church is still tremendious impact on human lives and valuable resources to support missionary work throughout the Pacific.
And that was the army with its officers, artillery, engineers. At that time, New Zealand fencible settlers arrived in Auckland to bring in another 2,500 settlers between 1847-1852 (I am retired soldiers (721 in total), which is optional for New Zealand, provided that the part-time gave lowerin exchange for a 2-bedroom cottage and an acre of land, is now estimated to have more than one quarter of a million descendants). They were brought to Auckland to help counter a possible invasion by strains Waikato Maori powerful to defend. Fencible villages, including Howick, Onehunga, Panmure and Otahuhu.
(A Inchinnan who arrived May 27, 1852 was a John McNeil and his family in Howick, Auckland, and then start a new branch of my family tree, one of his sonswould follow the military tradition and fight in the war Waikato).
In this small community many have come and go. Soldiers placed in other parts of the British Empire, the new settlers, others who are "approved" vital Auckland were not for them, the ships arriving and seamen, merchants and others who travel around the world. There were no landed gentry, not a lot of elderly people, and old families settled and less formal, which was in England. In fact, there was the beginning of a newsociety, a classless society, the whole of New Zealand is still, if they were fully into account yet. Consider this quote from New Zealand's "arrogance and the hypothesis is seen through rapidly and are appreciated for their value. Rank, station, fortune, family connection, unless supported by character, ability, public spirit and generosity, but has received little consideration. " E 'was to go to a place where who you are and what you have done and achieved more important that inherited the wealth andsecurities. In spite of these people demand is high. One of the problems of women "got the commitment and retention of qualified personnel. A problem with the lack of women in the colony, were constantly in his shirt away from the faith and take on new household chores.
Auckland could say no religious or political disputes, and that any dispute has been in two local newspapers, broadcasts, the New Zealander and the Southern Cross, which was publishedtwice a week.
Fashion is a bit 'as it was in England, has already been delayed a bit', and clothes, while the models themselves tend to be made of lighter materials such as cotton because of the warm climate of New Zealand (remember, the Most of these people coming from England, Ireland and Scotland), with other modifications will govern. It must be hard to clean all the roads are dirt. The houses are small wooden houses, tents, Raup. Several stone buildings of note are, Subsistence and transportation is by boat or horse.
Auckland is a great city taking shape before them at this time, Auckland is only 12 years and was a watering hole to fill the ships, supplies seen before, people, etc.
In a small village, is a core activity of gossip ', as this quote from New Zealand 2/6/1852 called "new entrants, especially those who have no experience with gossip," in general, the world's Small communities are affected byemergence of "gossip." But the finding that the fee of the next "it" – that is not respect of persons – it is just pressure in all directions to destroy his power – which will soon become almost unaware of its existence, like the air we breathe . "
In the summer once a week Regimental Band played at the well-kept lawns of Government House (now the site of Auckland University) for a couple of hours. The company had 3-4 balls. And once a year to celebrate the birthday of the Queen (Victoria)The government should launch a ball and invite 200 of the key people. Families have picnics, with canoeing, hiking, horseback riding are favorite activities outdoors, and for the more adventurous trips to Kawau Island, or the Waikato and Rotorua lakes expected. Also been known school groups, conferences, and stitcheries. For the sports minded, there was an annual gathering of race and cricket matches. Of greater importance was the race Auckland (still in progressstrong), in which all types of sailing vessels have participated, there was also a native canoe race, one for no more than 12 indigenous groups, and one to an unlimited number.
Regarding living standards Auckland was seen as a cost center to live with the rent, which is twice the size similar to that in England. But wages were a bit 'better, especially staff salaries, there was double. There were no taxes, fees or taxes of any kind (what happened?). The clothes are expensive, but wine, spiritsfood and was more convenient. Fish are abundant and inexpensive (although it complains about the quality, the English have refined their tastes to our local varieties yet). Butchers and Meat Loaf was about the same price as in England. Fruit was in abundance and indigenous Maori in large quantities to produce in a canoe – 20 tons of onions, over 100 tonnes of potatoes and corn, cabbage, kumera and peaches. (This action was brought to a grinding stop wars Waikato). ForGartner peaches, strawberries, apples and figs, melons, plums, pears, cherries and gooseberries can be easily cultivated.
Living in the countryside was seen as cheap, but the standard of living of its foundation, a hut Raup (proposed € 10), a few pigs and chickens, corn, potatoes, pumpkins and a cow house was deemed sufficient to live.
Auckland was actually seen as a good place to live, not beggars, and the average citizen to eat meat at least twice a day. Forsettler media, life was much better than back "home." If an accident than their neighbors would be in the field to help.
The crime is considered rare, and read the newspapers regularly published the results of the police court ', ie two people accused of drinking, a man would park his car, a curse that close, a block, a week is standard sockets. The death penalty is still available but rarely necessary.
Relations with the local Maori are of the opinionexcellent in this step is a healthy trade between the two peoples, so call before food brought by Maori farmers (usually local companies), and horses, boats, imported goods, mills introduced in turn by the Maori. They also have a source of cheap labor provided. It was not uncommon to see many Maori canoes in both ports. Maori had seen "good-natured, always ready to enjoy a joke and a laugh, and always seemed pleased and happy." (New Zealander).Last battle and death as the past (how wrong they were considered).
One of the main events was the arrival of a ship. Port of Auckland was a center of commerce and vital for the growth of the city. With the arrival of a ship that has come to appreciate the many letters from home and the News of the World (accomplice already 3-6 months old). Such was the expectation is that a large crowd was waiting outside the post office to open. In addition, ships were neededproducts and imported goods, in turn, were exported around the world, in particular wheat and lumber to Sydney, Tin and whale products.
With the arrival of new immigrants Auckland has continued to grow. Of the original settlers in 1860 there were 8000 in the city and 14,000 for the environment, both from 1880 the numbers had doubled by the beginning of this century, that figure had doubled to 38,000 in the city and 68,000 in the metropolitan area. Operators has increased and with the discovery of gold inVictoria and then into the Thames is rich region and brought by gold miners. Imports and exports continued growth in the volume of the port and the industries surrounding it did.
All kinds of sailing ships, brigs, Barque, nail scissors, and even the new steam ships made regular calls to Auckland.
Most of the inland transport on unpaved roads or ballast on horses and chariots, but eventually the railways and trams were determined.
Important structures such as the customs house, postoffice and others were of stone and was a multi-Auckland fascinating and give the feeling of a big city.
Merchants that Samuel Cochrane, who had emigrated to the United States by St. Cochrane and sons construction industry and to engage in auctions, boat transport, mining and many others. (Another of my earliest ancestor).
Auckland is growing as a multitude of problems arose. As in the link above the image was seen dirty. Ineffective financing problems of localand a fundamental lack of planning has resulted in some of the basics, we take for granted today were not available. Early water comes from what is now the duck ponds in the Auckland Domain, and then Western sources, but it was not until the dam was first established in Miami in 1907 that the first reliable, quality water that through all the tubes. Similarly, the electricity began in 1908.
Soon will come the car would come and that it would face from Auckland to change. Roads and highways willturn Auckland from a city in a spawl city, especially after the Second World War.
Old Auckland has continued to grow and change with the years, old and new businesses ranging from the beginning. In fact, many of the old Auckland be unrecognizable to the modern Auckland. It is from this point of view Queen Street to City Hall was held in 1923. Everything else the picture has changed considerably. Aotea Square is now filling most of the photos and the street, on the side of City Hall iswent. Buildings such as City Hall and the customs house has more sense in their original context and what they have built.
"We have to remember for most of the last century, many of the land in Auckland. As shown in this 1912 view from One Tree Hill passed Manukau Road in Hillsborough. That same scene now would be a lot of houses. What would it search for another hundred years? (see the original URL)
Brief biography on some of my ancestors and pioneers Auckland–
Robert James Laing – arrived on board the ship before immigrants, the Duchess of Argyle, was a sailor, rope, a magistrate, a lay preacher and 'gentleman'. Buried among the first settlers in Symonds Street Cemetery.
John McNeil – E 'was hired in 1823 at Inverness in 91 Reg 17yrs of age (minors) for a year without pay. From 1824-1831 the law. Served in Jamaica, the conditions that lead to constant deaths from yellow fever. Act. Relievedand returned to England months before the slave revolt in 1831. January 5, 1835 John married Margaret Colclough Nee McGrath. Era or a corporal or sergeant at this time. After moving to St. Helena he was promoted to the rank of corporal, but the right to mobilize and reduced to the ranks. The indictment was the charge of the books of the company. In 1842, right. holds at the Cape of Good Hope, but John could not because of her arthritis and respiratory problems, so his return toEngland has been recommended and has been duly completed. Age. 39yrs its high level 5'7 ", dark hair, gray eyes and pale complexion. The couple settled in New Ross, Cape Town, in Ireland, where the two children were born, Eliza.b.1839, Alexander b.1847 . In 1851 he was in New Zealand with the child John, born in 1849 and settled in Howick in Waterloo Road. John obtained his country Howick in 1858, he transferred his widow, daughter of Eliza Stuart in 1879. John has been also 6 arces dove mountain near to buy it latersold. Catherine had to live with her children to Coromandel until 1886, when he died.
ERA Settlers FENCIBLE.
Obituary Samuel Cochrane
Sunday morning at 3 Samuel Cochrane, the famous auction house to breathe his last at the home of his son, Parramatta. Although not a part of what is perhaps as old identities of the founders of Auckland, not seen, Mr. Cochrane is a very old resident in the district of Auckland. Lived with us for 21 years and overthat time is an active and useful man of business. He was in New York, born in 1815 during a brief stay by her parents in this city, and then was 6 years old. For the return of his parents took him to Ireland, near Londonderry, and who was not involved in the trade of flax. Then he settled in Montreal, and the place of business in a number of years. Consultation of the climate more genial Auckland from some of his relatives who had settled Here, Mr. Cochrane was encouraged to throw in his lot among us, in the years 1858 During most of his stay here has earned the business of an auctioneer and agent for the earth, and gathered a great company, its children still persists.
From 1860-1863 Mr. Cochrane has a very active role in the development of mineral deposits in the district of Coromandel, in connection with Mr Keven, Michael Wood and others. To this end it has purchased from the Government> Piroscafo sandflies, after a better known under the name Tasman girl is sold Coromandel for a number of years. He was also the principal owner of the boat Waitemata now known as a company. 2, which was first designed for the beginning of regular steam communication with the coast of the North, Wow, hobsonville, etc. His company of others, and the Secretariat in connection with steam was SS-Jane, in the early days of the Thames Goldfields . Mr. Concrane'sobject in different companies have been developing in the district of Auckland and to ensure the timely and regular steam between the city and different neighborhoods. In political life, Mr Cochrane was a small part. For a brief period he hnour a seat in the provincial councils AHD, but he seemed to delight in practical work, such as the production of debates in the council chamber. At one point, I think we are in 1863, received a special vote, thanks for the District Council for his presentationto give them a house in the debate over the affairs of the province. Was in contact with Mr. T. Cheeseman as Commissioner to ensure that claims arising in relation to Auckland and rail Drury selected strains.
Given the political establishment, which occupied Cochrane meintioned may be that he is a member of the board of directors is the first port of Auckland has been chosen. Emerging from coal mines Drury. He also started a wool washing plant in whanand he has the prince alfed battery, possession Grahamstown. During a brief visit to Ireland was given the task of NZ emigration agent for Northern Ireland. Has many settlers chose to NZ. He died of cancer of the bladder. The bottom of the great humor that often exposed the possession in the performance of his duties as an auctioneer. Was a very energetic and exemplary citizen.
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